Understanding Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) for Skin Cancer and Sun Damage

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a specialized non-surgical treatment for conditions like actinic keratosis (sun-damaged skin) and superficial basal cell carcinoma (BCC) that can only be performed by board-certified dermatologists in Alberta. It works by combining a photosensitizing agent and a specific light source to target abnormal skin cells. Basically, we prescribe you a cream that is applied to the affected areas and left to rest in a shaded area for 1-3 hours, which gives enough time for the cream to concentrate in the most atypical cells. We then expose the skin to a very specialized red light which causes a chemical change to the cream, causing destruction of the atypical cells that absorbed it. Because it selectively targets atypical cells, this treatment is a wonderful non-invasive option for sun damaged skin and certain types of superficial skin cancers while preserving healthy skin and eliminating scars.

Uses in Medical and Surgical Dermatology

For superficial basal cell carcinoma, PDT offers an option when surgery might be less desirable—like on sensitive facial areas, very large skin cancers, or when surgical recovery is a concern. While surgery remains more effective for complete removal of skin cancer, PDT can reduce lesion size before surgical intervention, often improving chances of full removal.

For actinic keratosis, PDT is effective in reducing skin cancer risk by addressing extensive sun damage across larger skin areas.

Dr. Lewinson often combines PDT with laser resurfacing for enhanced results, offering a dual benefit of reducing skin cancer risk and achieving a cosmetic improvement.

What Patients Should Expect

While PDT itself is covered by healthcare in Alberta, the cream itself may have additional costs, depending on your drug plan just like any prescription. The procedure is outpatient and takes about 2-3 hours typically. During treatment, patients can expect a sensation of heat which we minimize by use of fans during treatment. Following treatment, patients should expect mild redness, peeling, and light sensitivity for a few days, with full healing within a week.

Dr. Lewinson emphasizes that PDT is part of a comprehensive approach to skin cancer prevention and management, and often requires multiple treatments over time for sustained skin health and cancer prevention.

Understanding Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) for Skin Cancer and Sun Damage

In short, PDT is a versatile, minimally invasive tool that, when combined with other treatments, contributes significantly to skin cancer prevention and sun-damage repair while enhancing the skin's appearance.